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BNB SMART CHAIN · IN-ORBIT ATTESTATION PROTOCOL

Physical Orbit Dynamics.
Cryptographic Consensus.

SkyRelay transforms low-Earth orbit satellite passes into tamper-proof on-chain attestations and space-harvested physical entropy. Ground stations verify Starlink Ku-band Doppler shifts in real time, defeating validator collusion with unalterable orbital mechanics.

Orbital Shell

550 KM

Starlink Shell 1

Velocity

7.56 KM/S

27,200 km/h In-Flight

Inclination

53.0°

Primary Plane

Quorum

100%

Multi-Station Signed

Invariant

ZERO MEV

Doppler Bound

LIVE 3D TELEMETRY · 550KM LEO ORBIT
SGP4 Real-Time Analytical Propagator
++++

Local SGP4 Ephemeris Engine

16:42:57 UTC

3 of 50 stations active

++++
TARGET ACQUISITION

STARLINK-2034

NORAD 47352 · SANJOSE-09

Elevation9.79deg
Ku Doppler+13.749kHz
Slant range1640km
++++

Ground segment

50 STATIONS
  • SANJOSE-099.8°
  • SEATTLE-080.8°
  • GUAM-450.8°
  • VALENTIA-010.0° MASK
  • GOONHILLY-020.0° MASK
  • PLEUMEUR-030.0° MASK
  • MV-FASTNET0.0° MASK
  • REYKJAVIK-050.0° MASK
  • CHIBA-060.0° MASK
  • SINGAPORE-070.0° MASK
  • AUSTIN-100.0° MASK
  • NEWYORK-110.0° MASK
  • SVALBARD-120.0° MASK
  • BERGEN-130.0° MASK
  • INNSBRUCK-140.0° MASK
  • MALLORCA-150.0° MASK
  • CYPRUS-160.0° MASK
  • CHICAGO-170.0° MASK
  • BOULDER-180.0° MASK
  • ANCHORAGE-190.0° MASK
  • HALIFAX-200.0° MASK
  • VANCOUVER-210.0° MASK
  • PANAMA-220.0° MASK
  • CARTAGENA-230.0° MASK
  • MANAUS-240.0° MASK
  • ATACAMA-250.0° MASK
  • PUNTA-260.0° MASK
  • PUNTAARENAS-270.0° MASK
  • STANLEY-280.0° MASK
  • CASABLANCA-290.0° MASK
  • ACCRA-300.0° MASK
  • NAIROBI-310.0° MASK
  • CAPETOWN-320.0° MASK
  • KERGUELEN-330.0° MASK
  • DUBAI-340.0° MASK
  • ALMATY-350.0° MASK
  • COLOMBO-360.0° MASK
  • PHUKET-370.0° MASK
  • JEJU-380.0° MASK
  • KAOHSIUNG-390.0° MASK
  • SYDNEY-400.0° MASK
  • ALICESPRINGS-410.0° MASK
  • PERTH-420.0° MASK
  • AUCKLAND-430.0° MASK
  • INVERCARGILL-440.0° MASK
  • HONOLULU-460.0° MASK
  • TAHITI-470.0° MASK
  • AZORES-480.0° MASK
  • BERMUDA-490.0° MASK
  • MCMURDO-500.0° MASK
3 ACTIVE50 GLOBAL MESH

Pass Readout

TELEMETRY DECK
LOCKED TO BORESIGHTKU-BAND LOCK
NORAD
47352
NAME
STARLINK-2034
STN
SANJOSE-09
EL
9.795°
AZ
239.407°
RNG
1639.8 km
DOP
+13.749 kHz

Doppler Horizon Arc

SGP4 ANALYTICAL PROFILE
LIVE OVERHEAD PASS
0° MASKMAX EL: ACTIVE
60°30°0° HORIZONT = 0-10m-5m+5m+10m
01.5 // DECENTRALIZED CONSENSUS · BNB SMART CHAIN (BSC)

From Low-Earth Orbit to On-Chain Finality

Real-time orbital Doppler frequency shifts and bonded ground station sightings are compiled into deterministic EIP-712 typed digests, verified and committed into the BNB Smart Chain ledger with 3.0-second PoSA finality.

BSC MainnetTOTAL BEACONS: 10
Parlia PoSA · Block #123,828,040
NEXT ORBITAL TRANSIT WINDOWVALENTIA-01 BORESIGHT

Approaching target STARLINK-34764 · Expected Peak Zenith: 80.50° · Doppler window: ±158 kHz

COUNTDOWN TO SIGHTING03m 04s
In-Orbit Doppler ➔ BSC Attestation Flow
EIP-712 Attestation & Merkle Proof Pipeline
STAGE 01550km LEO

Doppler Wavefront

Orbital satellite pass produces Ku-Band carrier frequency shift (+38 kHz to -158 kHz) observed at 7.6 km/s orbital velocity.

Keplerian Residual < 0.2° Locked
STAGE 02VALENTIA STATION

Bonded Sighting Witness

Ground terminal at Valentia Island, Ireland (0x7949...4Ef7) observes the transit against active CelesTrak catalog.

Bonded Attester Signature Signed
STAGE 03EIP-712 TYPED

Cryptographic Digest & Merkle

Telemetry hashes and element set catalog compile into an EIP-712 digest; space payload queue compiles sorted Merkle root.

wasClaimedSpaceRelayed Compatible
STAGE 04BSC POSA FINALITY

On-Chain State Commitment

Committed via verifyAndRecord to SkyRelayBeacon (0x22CE...0dC1) with Parlia 3.0s block confirmation.

10 / 10 Beacons Confirmed
LIVE BSC BEACON LEDGER FEEDTOTAL BEACONS: 1010 CONFIRMED MAINNET OBSERVATIONS
LATEST
BEACON #10Block 123796619
Target:STARLINK-34764
NORAD ID:65098
Elevation:52.64°
Doppler Shift:-158.05 kHz
Station:VALENTIA-01
BEACON #9Block 123796606
Target:STARLINK-34764
NORAD ID:65098
Elevation:56.28°
Doppler Shift:-143.52 kHz
Station:VALENTIA-01
BEACON #8Block 123796585
Target:STARLINK-34764
NORAD ID:65098
Elevation:62.89°
Doppler Shift:-115.17 kHz
Station:VALENTIA-01
BEACON #7Block 123796569
Target:STARLINK-34764
NORAD ID:65098
Elevation:68.55°
Doppler Shift:-88.71 kHz
Station:VALENTIA-01
BEACON #6Block 123796553
Target:STARLINK-34764
NORAD ID:65098
Elevation:72.83°
Doppler Shift:-66.86 kHz
Station:VALENTIA-01
BEACON #5Block 123796540
Target:STARLINK-34764
NORAD ID:65098
Elevation:76.83°
Doppler Shift:-43.58 kHz
Station:VALENTIA-01
BEACON #4Block 123796526
Target:STARLINK-34764
NORAD ID:65098
Elevation:80.18°
Doppler Shift:-15.20 kHz
Station:VALENTIA-01
ZENITH TCA
BEACON #3Block 123796511
Target:STARLINK-34764
NORAD ID:65098
Elevation:80.50°
Doppler Shift:+9.55 kHz
Station:VALENTIA-01
BEACON #2Block 123796497
Target:STARLINK-34764
NORAD ID:65098
Elevation:77.62°
Doppler Shift:+38.10 kHz
Station:VALENTIA-01
GENESIS #1
BEACON #1Block 123754091
Target:STARLINK-2346
NORAD ID:47887
Elevation:75.20°
Doppler Shift:-9.91 kHz
Station:VALENTIA-01
Space Relay Claim:BOUND (2 txs)
Root: 0x8db97c3c61cb...
01 // ARCHITECTURAL MOAT

Eliminating Collusion with Space-Time Physics

01 // ORBITAL MECHANICS

Physical Dynamics vs MEV

Digital state can be manipulated, but orbital mechanics cannot be forged. Stations capture real-time Ku-band Doppler shift and slant range of Starlink satellites at 550km altitude, anchoring cryptographic attestations in unalterable orbital physics.

Space-Time Invariant · Zero MEV
02 // BYZANTINE CONSENSUS

Byzantine Fraud Slashing

Satellite orbits are deterministic and verifiable through public SGP4 ephemeris. Signing conflicting or physically impossible observations is provable by any observer and slashable by any caller on-chain.

Protocol Slashing Mechanism

an attester's bond is currently unread

03 // PHYSICAL SENSOR GRID

DePIN Starlink Expansion

Genesis ground stations actively track passes across Europe, Asia, and the Americas. Protocol creator fees on Flap.sh directly fund Starlink Mini terminals for community operators, scaling our physical sensor grid.

02 // OPERATIONS TERMINAL

Station Telemetry Broadcast & Space Entropy Studio

Broadcast Engine
KU-BAND

The ground station signs physical Ku-band RF telemetry and submits. Your wallet is not the sender.

Entropy Harvester
ORBIT DRAND

the reveal deposit is currently unread

Physical entropy derived from high-velocity LEO radio passes. The beacon is secure if at least one participant is honest, and the final state is committed directly to BSC.

Coverage Escrow
DEPIN ESCROW

Orbital Coverage Escrow

ACTIVE

Settlement progress of the coverage escrow: active satellite passes verified against required quorum thresholds.

In-Flight Quorum100% Attested
Target EpochEpoch #142 (Settled)
Ephemeris Drift< 0.002° / SGP4 Verified
03 // DEPIN HARDWARE FLYWHEEL

Starlink Mini Ground Station Expansion

The Flap.sh Hardware Self-Funding Mechanism

Autonomous Loop

Traditional oracle and attestation networks rely on centralized nodes or unbacked multisigs. SkyRelay pioneers a self-sustaining DePIN hardware flywheel: creator fees generated on Flap.sh channel into the protocol vault to fund physical Starlink Mini terminals distributed to community operators worldwide.

Step 1

Flap.sh Launch

Creator fees accumulate automatically

Step 2

Orbital Vault

On-chain transparent allocation

Step 3

Starlink Terminals

Expanding decentralized LEO sensors

04 // PHYSICAL ARCHITECTURE

Dual-Segment Space & Terrestrial Infrastructure

SkyRelay bridges the orbital expanse and the blockchain ledger through two synchronized physical segments: Low Earth Orbit satellite constellations downlinking physics-governed radio telemetry, and autonomous ground stations validating multi-observer consensus.

SPACE SEGMENT · 550KM LEOSEGMENT 01
HD Master↓
SkyRelay Space Segment - LEO Satellite in Orbit

Starlink Communications Satellite & Phased-Array Wavefront

High-velocity low Earth orbit communications satellites equipped with Ku-band phased arrays emit deterministic Doppler carrier shifts as they sweep across ground horizons at 7.6 km/s, serving as tamper-proof physical entropy and spatial beacons.

Orbital Altitude
550 km
Orbital Velocity
7.6 km/s
Doppler Band
±25 kHz
Consensus Anchor
EIP-712 Leaf
GROUND SEGMENT · DEPIN RELAYSEGMENT 02
HD Master↓
SkyRelay Ground Segment - Coastal Starlink Mini Terminal

Autonomous Edge Gateway & Island Coastal Relay Station

Hardened, self-contained Starlink Mini terminal stations deployed across coastal baselines, remote islands, and institutional rooftops. Every station records independent antenna boresights and timestamps, aggregating cryptographic quorums before anchoring to BSC.

Terminal Type
Starlink Mini
Quorum Rule
≥ 2 Stations
Vault Escrow
Flap.sh Treasury
Attestation Pace
3.0s BSC Block
SkyRelay — Connecting Starlink Telemetry to BSC · $SkyRelay